Viisage Technology was established by a identification card defense contractor in 1996 to commercially exploit the rights to the facial recognition algorithm developed by Alex Pentland at MIT. Vision Corporation and Miros Inc were both founded in 1994, by researchers who used the results of the FERET tests as a selling point. The FERET tests spawned three US companies that sold automated facial recognition systems. In 1993, the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) and the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) established the face recognition technology program FERET to develop "automatic face recognition capabilities" that could be employed in a productive real life environment "to assist security, intelligence, and law enforcement personnel in the performance of their duties." Face recognition systems that had been trialed in research labs were evaluated and the FERET tests found that while the performance of existing automated facial recognition systems varied, a handful of existing methods could viably be used to recognize faces in still images taken in a controlled environment. Nonetheless, interest in the subject grew and in 1977 Kanade published the first detailed book on facial recognition technology. Later tests revealed that the system could not always reliably identify facial features. In 1970, Takeo Kanade publicly demonstrated a face matching system that located anatomical features such as the chin and calculated the distance ratio between facial features without human intervention. A computer would then automatically compare the distances for each photograph, calculate the difference between the distances and return the closed records as a possible match.
A human could process about 40 pictures an hour in this manner and so build a database of the computed distances. The coordinates were used to calculate 20 distances, including the width of the mouth and of the eyes. On a graphics tablet a human had to pinpoint the coordinates of facial features such as the pupil centers, the inside and outside corner of eyes, and the widows peak in the hairline. Their early facial recognition project was dubbed "man-machine" because the coordinates of the facial features in a photograph had to be established by a human before they could be used by the computer for recognition. Woody Bledsoe, Helen Chan Wolf, and Charles Bisson worked on using the computer to recognize human faces. History of facial recognition technology Īutomated facial recognition was pioneered in the 1960s. 6 Bans on the use of facial recognition technology.5.2 Imperfect technology in law enforcement.
As a result of growing societal concerns, Meta announced that it plans to shut down Facebook facial recognition system, deleting the face scan data of more than one billion users. These claims have led to the ban of facial recognition systems in several cities in the United States. The use of facial recognition systems has also raised controversy, with claims that the systems violate citizens' privacy, commonly make incorrect identifications, encourage gender norms and racial profiling, and do not protect important biometric data. Their effectiveness varies, and some systems have previously been scrapped because of their ineffectiveness. įacial recognition systems are employed throughout the world today by governments and private companies.
Facial recognition systems have been deployed in advanced human–computer interaction, video surveillance and automatic indexing of images. Although the accuracy of facial recognition systems as a biometric technology is lower than iris recognition and fingerprint recognition, it is widely adopted due to its contactless process. Because computerized facial recognition involves the measurement of a human's physiological characteristics, facial recognition systems are categorized as biometrics. Since their inception, facial recognition systems have seen wider uses in recent times on smartphones and in other forms of technology, such as robotics.
APPLE PHOTOS FACE RECOGNITION VERIFICATION
Automatic ticket gate with face recognition system in Osaka Metro Morinomiya StationĪ facial recognition system is a technology capable of matching a human face from a digital image or a video frame against a database of faces, typically employed to authenticate users through ID verification services, works by pinpointing and measuring facial features from a given image.ĭevelopment began on similar systems in the 1960s, beginning as a form of computer application.